Physical and Biochemical Characterization of Grape Genotypes Grown Under Kandahar Province of Afghanistan for Quality Traits
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55544/sjmars.5.2.7Keywords:
Grape, physical and biochemical, genotypes, yield , qualityAbstract
The present investigation was carried out in 2023 at Kohkaran Research Farm which established by Perennial Horticulture Development Center (PHDC), Ministry of Agriculture, Irrigation and Livestock (MAIL), based on Kandahar, Afghanistan. The treatments comprised 6 seedless genotypes and 16 seeded genotypes namely T1: Kandahari Sorkh, T2: Exotic, T3: Sahibi Sra 488, T4: Fantasy, T5: Perlette, T6: Keshmeshi Sia, T7: Tashkandi, T8: Black Emerald, T9: Aqa Ali 876, T10: Manaqa 801, T11: Lokh Shetor, T12: Shirahmadi heart, T13: Husaini, T14: Awi, T15: Lal Sia, T16: Typi, T17: Loghi, T18: Shaker, T19: Lal Katadana, T20: Mahmodi, T21: Lal Maida Dana and T22: Flame Seedless the physical characterization indicated variation in The maximum berry weight (7.10 g) and berry volume (34.00 ml) were noticed in Exotic. The presence of seeds, berry shape and colour were also varied considerably. Fantasy Seedless and Flame Seedless had no seed, Perlette, Kishmeshi Sia, Tashkandi, Black Emerald, Lal Sia had the rudimentary, and other genotypes had well developed seeds. As for as colour of berries concerned berries were grouped as Dark red (Kandahari Sorkh ), blue-black (Exotic, Fantasy and Loghi), red (Sahibi Sra 488, Aqa Ali 876 and Lokh Shetor), deep red ( Flame Seedless) dark red violet ( Kishmeshi Sia and Lal Sia) and green yellow (Perlette, Shirahmadi Heart, Husaini, Awi, Typi and Lal Maida Dana). The berry firmness data revealed that Awi, Lal Sia, and Loghi produced soft berries whereas, Kandahari Sorkh, Fantasy, Perlette, kishmeshi Sia, Tashkandi, Black Emerald, Aqa Ali 876 and Lal Maida Dana produced medium firm berry, Exotic, Sahibi Sra 488, Lokh Shetor, Typi, and Flame Seedless recorded to have firm berries.biochemical characterization indicated variation in pH, TSS, Acidity, TSS: Acidity Ratio and Vitamin C. Among the different varieties. The maximum pH (4.50) was noted in Shirahmadi Heart followed by Husaini (4.40). The highest TSS (21.70 B˚) was noticed in Lal Maida Dana, followed by Lokh Shetor (21.63 B˚) and Awi (21.43 B˚). The maximum titratable acidity (1.20 %) was recorded in Kishmeshi Sia whereas the minimum acidity (0.23 %) was noted in the Fantasy Seedless grape. The maximum vitamin C content (37.20 mg/100g) was recorded in Typi while the minimum vitamin C content (11.00 mg/100g) was measured in Fantasy Seedless.
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